That is actually fact, actually fact, that if one wants to live independently . . . in Calcutta I have seen, even poor class vaiśyas, and in the morning they'll take some ḍāl, bag of ḍāl, and go door to door. Ḍāl is required everywhere. So in morning he makes ḍāl business, and in evening he takes one canister of kerosene oil. So in the evening everyone will require. Still you'll find in India, they . . . nobody was seeking for employment. A little, whatever he has got, selling some ground nuts or that peanuts. Something he's doing. After all, Kṛṣṇa is giving maintenance to everyone. It is a mistake to think that, "This man is giving me maintenance." No. Śāstra says, eko yo bahūnāṁ vidadhāti kāmān (Kaṭha Upaniṣad 2.2.13). It is confidence in Kṛṣṇa that, "Kṛṣṇa has given me life, Kṛṣṇa has sent me here. So He'll give me my maintenance. So according to my capacity, let me do something, and through that source, Kṛṣṇa's maintenance will come." Just like we are maintaining so many people in the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement. So what business we are doing? But we are confident that Kṛṣṇa will send us our maintenance. That confidence required. A śūdra means he becomes disturbed. He becomes disturbed, "Oh, I have no employment. How shall I eat? Where shall I go? Where shall I live?" He has no faith in Kṛṣṇa. The brāhmaṇa has got full faith, the kṣatriya has got little less faith, the vaiśya, little less faith, and the śūdra has no faith. This is the difference.
So your question was that how we can know a śūdra. That because everyone is now faithless, and everyone is seeking after employment. Therefore—we may discuss in so many ways—because people have become śūdra, therefore the capitalists are exploiting them. If everyone denies to be . . . serve, then these so-called industries will fail. Immediately. That is Gandhi's proposal. "Non-cooperate with the British government, and it will wind up." And actually so happened. Because people are now śūdras, they depend for their bread to others, the others exploit them, "Come here. You work and I shall give you bread." They do not believe anymore, "O God, give us our daily bread." They think that "This our master give us daily bread." That is śūdra. Śūdra means one who is dependent on others. Paricaryātmakaṁ kāryaṁ śūdra-karma svabhāva-jam (BG 18.44). This is the description, definition of śūdra. And vaiśya: kṛṣi-go-rakṣya-vāṇijyaṁ vaiśya-karma svabhāva-jam. The vaiśya is doing the kṛṣi, agriculture. Why he should depend on . . .? Take some land from the government. You produce your food. Where is the difficulty? Keep some cows; you get milk. Vaiśya-karma svabhāva . . . go-rakṣya. If you have got excess, then make trade. Why you should depend on others?
But they do not know. They want that, "I shall go at ten o'clock in the office, and I shall do nothing. Simply I shall take the pen and make like this and take my salary." That's all. Cheating. This is going on. Therefore the whole system is polluted. Nobody's doing his duty. Cātur-varṇyaṁ mayā sṛṣṭaṁ guṇa-karma . . . (BG 4.13). According to one's quality, one must work. But nobody wants to work. So therefore they are śūdras. They are working, but at the care of somebody else, not independently. Now the school, college, the teacher is also depending on salary. So they are śūdras. So what teaching they will give? Teaching is the business of the brāhmaṇa. No salary. Formerly, all the brāhmaṇas, they used to have that . . . it is called ṭola, catuṣpāṭhī. Catuṣpāṭhī (A school where up to the four Vedas are taught). Brāhmaṇa, he'll sit down anywhere and invite that, "If you like, you can come and take some teachings from me."